Important Travel Notice: Due to the large-scale invasion by Russia, traveling to Ukraine is extremely dangerous. Most governments advise against any type of travel to the country. The airspace is closed to commercial flights and there is a constant risk of attacks throughout the territory. This guide is offered in the hope of a peaceful future.

Internal Transportation: In peacetime, Ukraine has an extensive and inexpensive rail network that connects the entire country, with night trains being an excellent option for long distances. 'Marshrutkas' (minibuses) and buses cover shorter, local routes.

Language: The official language is Ukrainian. Russian is also widely spoken, especially in the east and south of the country. In big cities and among younger people, English is increasingly common, but in rural areas it can be difficult to communicate without knowledge of Ukrainian or Russian.

Tips: Tipping is not mandatory, but it has become common practice and is highly appreciated, especially in restaurants and cafes in cities. Leaving between 5% and 10% of the bill is a common gesture to show satisfaction with the service.